Birth Control in Canada: Cost, pills, implants, side effects, coverage
verified information
Information verified by Adeline Harmant
Our articles are written by experts in their fields (finance, trading, insurance etc.) whose signatures you will see at the beginning and at the end of each article. They are also systematically reviewed and corrected before each publication, and updated regularly.
Discover the methodologyBirth control isn't free everywhere in Canada—it depends on where you live. In British Columbia, many prescription birth control methods are free.
Meanwhile, in Ontario, people under 25 can get free birth control through programs like OHIP+ and the Ontario Drug Benefit (ODB). In other provinces, like Alberta, birth control usually isn't free, and you may need to pay for it unless you have private insurance.
In this definitive guide, you will find everything you need to know about birth control in Canada, the coverage provided by public healthcare programs, where to buy birth control pills, and more.
Birth Control in Canada: Key Points
- Birth control in Canada varies from one province to another.
- Provincial health plans may not cover contraceptives like implants.
- Nexplanon implant costs $300-$500 without insurance in Canada.
- British Columbia offers free contraception for many prescription methods.
- Ontario provides free birth control through OHIP+ and ODB for those under 25, while others may need private coverage.
- Alberta's birth control is not generally covered, requiring out-of-pocket payments.
- Private health insurance is recommended for comprehensive coverage.
How much is birth control in Canada?
Certain forms of birth control are available for free or at low cost in Canada through various programs and initiatives. However, it's essential to note that the availability and coverage of free birth control may vary depending on the province or territory, as well as the specific type of contraceptive method.
In some provinces, like Ontario, there are public drug benefit programs that provide subsidized or fully covered birth control for eligible individuals. Additionally, some provinces have expanded access to free prescription contraceptives through pharmacies, allowing individuals with a valid health card to access certain birth control methods at no cost.
How much is birth control without insurance in Canada?
The cost of birth control without insurance in Canada can vary depending on the specific type of contraceptive method. Here are some approximate price ranges for common birth control options:
| Birth Control Method | Approximate Cost without Insurance (Per Month/Per Unit) |
|---|---|
| Oral Contraceptives (Pills) | $20 to $50 |
| Intrauterine Devices (IUDs) | $50 to $400 |
| Birth Control Patches | $20 to $50 |
| Birth Control Injections | $30 to $150 |
| Condoms | $1 to $2 |
Good to know
Please note that these are approximate price ranges and may vary based on factors such as the specific brand, pharmacy, and location. It's always best to check with your local pharmacy or healthcare provider for the most up-to-date and accurate pricing information.
Birth control can be expensive without provincial coverage. However, the right private health insurance plan can help you cover these expenses and more. Use our free tool below to compare the best health insurance plans in Canada and get instant quotes.
Compare The Best Health Insurance Plans in Seconds
What are the types of birth control in Canada?
In Canada, there are several types of birth control methods available, each with its set of advantages, effectiveness, and considerations. Here’s an overview of the most common types:
1. Hormonal Birth Control
Hormonal birth control methods work by releasing hormones (either progestin or a combination of estrogen and progestin) that prevent ovulation and alter the uterine lining or cervical mucus to prevent pregnancy.
- Birth Control Pills (Oral Contraceptives): Taken daily, either a combination of estrogen and progestin or progestin-only. These pills are effective when taken consistently but require daily commitment.
- Birth Control Patch: A patch applied to the skin, replaced weekly for three weeks, with one patch-free week. It releases hormones similar to the pill.
- Vaginal Ring (NuvaRing): A flexible ring inserted into the vagina, left in place for three weeks, followed by a ring-free week.
- Birth Control Implant (Nexplanon): A small rod implanted under the skin of the arm, releasing progestin to prevent pregnancy for up to three years.
- Birth Control Injection (Depo-Provera): A progestin injection given every three months to prevent ovulation.
2. Intrauterine Devices (IUDs)
IUDs are small, T-shaped devices inserted into the uterus by a healthcare provider. They are highly effective and long-lasting (3 to 10 years depending on the type).
- Hormonal IUD (Mirena, Kyleena): Releases a small amount of progestin to prevent pregnancy by thickening cervical mucus and thinning the uterine lining.
- Copper IUD (Paragard): Non-hormonal IUD that releases copper ions, which are toxic to sperm. It can last up to 10 years.
3. Barrier Methods
Barrier methods prevent sperm from reaching the egg.
- Condoms (Male and Female): A physical barrier made of latex, polyurethane, or nitrile that prevents sperm from entering the vagina. Male condoms are widely available, while female condoms are less common.
- Diaphragm: A flexible, dome-shaped cup inserted into the vagina before intercourse, used with spermicide to block sperm.
- Cervical Cap: A small, cup-like device inserted into the vagina to cover the cervix, preventing sperm from entering.
4. Emergency Contraception
Emergency contraception can be used to prevent pregnancy after unprotected sex or contraceptive failure.
- Morning-After Pill (Plan B, Ella): Must be taken within 72 to 120 hours after intercourse. It’s more effective the sooner it is taken.
- Copper IUD (Used as Emergency Contraception): Can be inserted up to five days after unprotected sex to prevent pregnancy.
5. Sterilization
Permanent methods for individuals who are certain they don’t want future pregnancies.
- Tubal Ligation: A surgical procedure for women that involves cutting or blocking the fallopian tubes.
- Vasectomy: A surgical procedure for men where the vas deferens (the tubes that carry sperm) are cut or blocked.
6. Natural Methods
These methods require tracking fertility and avoiding intercourse on fertile days.
- Fertility Awareness Method (FAM): Involves tracking ovulation through body temperature, cervical mucus, and menstrual cycles.
- Withdrawal Method (Pulling Out): The male partner withdraws before ejaculation. It is less effective compared to other methods.
7. Non-Hormonal Birth Control
Non-hormonal methods are typically preferred by those who wish to avoid hormones.
- Copper IUD: As mentioned earlier, this is a non-hormonal option.
- Spermicides: Chemicals that kill sperm, often used with other barrier methods.
- Condoms: Also included here due to their non-hormonal nature.
8. Male Birth Control (Under Development)
While condoms and vasectomy are the primary male contraception options, researchers are working on male birth control pills, injections, and gels that could be available in the future.
What are the side effects of birth control?
Birth control methods can have different side effects depending on the type. Here's a general overview of common side effects:
Birth Control Pills
- Nausea
- Headaches
- Mood changes
- Weight changes
- Breast tenderness
- Irregular bleeding
Intrauterine Devices (IUDs)
- Cramping (especially after insertion)
- Spotting between periods
- Irregular periods (for the first few months)
- Increased menstrual flow (for copper IUDs)
Birth Control Patches
- Skin irritation (where the patch is applied)
- Breast tenderness
- Headaches
- Nausea
- Irregular bleeding
Birth Control Injections
- Weight gain
- Mood changes
- Decreased bone density (with long-term use)
- Irregular periods or no periods
Condoms
- Latex allergy (for those allergic to latex)
- Irritation or discomfort
Good to know
While side effects like nausea or headaches are common with hormonal birth control methods, serious complications such as blood clots, stroke, or high blood pressure are rare but possible. Always consult with a healthcare provider to discuss risks and benefits before starting any birth control method. If side effects are severe or persistent, it’s a good idea to speak with your doctor to explore alternative options.
Is birth control free in Ontario?
There are many birth control options in Ontario, but for most people, they are not free. Does OHIP cover birth control? The Ontario Health Insurance Plan (OHIP) does not pay for prescriptions or medication outside of clinical or hospital settings. However, there is free birth control available in Ontario through OHIP+ and the Ontario Drug Benefit (ODB). These programs cover pills, IUDs and injectables as forms of contraception.
To qualify for OHIP+, you need to be under 25 years old, have OHIP coverage and not be covered by private health insurance.
Good to know
You don’t need to apply, enroll or register to benefit from OHIP+. You will be automatically covered if you meet the eligibility conditions.
To be covered under the ODB, you’ll need OHIP coverage and fit one of the following circumstances:
- Have OHIP+ eligibility
- Be 65 years old or older
- Live in a long-term care home or a home for special care
- Receive professional home and community care services
- Be enrolled in the Trillium Drug Program
- Benefit from Ontario Works or the Ontario Disability Support Program
If you are not covered by OHIP+ or ODB, you will probably not have access to free birth control in Ontario. Also OHIP+ coverage will stop on your 25th birthday, or if you become covered by a private plan. When the time comes, you will be left potentially having to pay hundreds of dollars out of pocket, unless your health insurance plan provides coverage.
Good to know
OHIP+ and ODB only cover pills, IUDs and injectables as forms of birth control. It does not cover other products, such as implants, contraceptive rings and patches.
Are IUDs covered by OHIP?
IUDs, or hormonal intra-uterine contraception devices, are part of the birth control options in Ontario that are covered by OHIP+ and the Ontario Drug Benefit (ODB).
The (IUD) is an option many Ontarians desire. It is 99.8% effective at preventing pregnancy and remains effective for 5 years. However, it comes with a hefty price tag. At $410, that’s a lot of money to pay upfront for contraception.
Luckily, IUD brands Kyleena and Mirena are covered in Ontario. You will need a prescription from your clinician, and then all you need is to secure your IUD at a pharmacy or sexual health clinic and schedule an appointment to get it inserted.
Are birth control pills covered by OHIP?
Birth control pills in Ontario can be covered by a government plan, depending on your circumstances. Two types of birth control pills are called the pill. The first is a combination of estrogen and progestin, and the second is progestin-only. Regardless of which type you take, you must take one pill every day at the same time, and this method is 91% effective against pregnancy.
Depending on which particular brand you take, the pill will cost around $21 to $45 per pill or $252 to $540 per year. For people with a valid Ontario Health Card who are also under the age of 25, the cost of birth control pills in Ontario is covered by the provincial government.
In addition, if you are enrolled in the Trillium Drug Program or benefit from Ontario Works (OW) or the Ontario Disability Support Program (ODSP), the pill will also be covered, even after the age of 25.
Emergency oral contraception, known as the morning-after pill can be used after unprotected intercourse as a contraceptive method for emergencies. The most popular brands in Canada are Plan B® and Ella®, which reduce pregnancy risk by about 75% if taken properly. Plan B® is covered by OHIP+, and you can get it over-the-counter, or without a prescription.
How much is birth control in Ontario?
The birth control cost in Ontario will vary significantly from method to method.
Here is a table with the most common birth control options and their cost in Ontario:
| Birth control type | Price | Annual cost | Five-year cost |
|---|---|---|---|
| Pill | $21 - $45/month | $252 - $540 | $1,260 - $2,700 |
| Patch | $32/month | $384 | $1920 |
| Ring | $29/month | $348 | $1740 |
| Injection | $45/dose | $180 | $900 |
| Hormonal IUD | $410/device | $82 | $410 |
| Copper IUD | $80/device | $16 | $80 |
How to get birth control pills in Ontario?
In Ontario, the first step to getting birth control pills is getting a prescription. To get a prescription, you’ll need a valid Ontario health card. You can get a prescription from:
- Your family doctor
- A sexual health clinic
- A walk-in clinic
- An online doctor’s appointment
Expert advice
Only a healthcare provider will have the knowledge to choose the right pill for you. They will also monitor you to make sure you aren’t experiencing any harmful side effects.
Can I get birth control from a walk-in clinic in Ontario?
Yes, you can, but it’ll depend on the clinic. You’ll need your Ontario Health Card, and any walk-in clinic will be equipped to provide a prescription for birth control. Many walk-in clinics even carry birth control options in Ontario. Some may have condoms, emergency oral contraception and more. If they don’t offer the birth control method itself, all you’ll need to do is go to any pharmacy with your prescription, and you’re good to go.
Expert advice
Sexual health clinics might be even better equipped for the one-stop birth control experience. Many provide prescriptions and offer the method themselves. Some sexual health clinics don’t even require the Ontario Health Card.
Is birth control free in BC?
Since April 1, 2023, there has been free birth control in BC for dozens of prescription contraceptive methods readily available to British Columbia residents.
| Birth control method | Covered? |
|---|---|
| Copper IUDs | |
| Hormonal IUDs | |
| Hormone implant | |
| Hormone injection | |
| Oral contraceptives (the pill) | |
| Emergency oral contraceptives (the morning-after pill) | |
| Cervical caps | |
| Condoms | |
| Birth control diaphragm | |
| Patches | |
| Rings | |
| Birth control sponge |
You do not have to register or fill out any forms to be covered. All you need to do is take your prescription and BC Services Card to any pharmacy. Note that emergency oral contraceptives (the morning-after pill) do not require a prescription.
Expert advice
Condoms are often available for free at sexual health clinics. These clinics also offer valuable information and counselling on sexual health topics and answer any questions you may have, making them an essential resource.
Does MSP cover birth control?
The Medical Services Plan (MSP) covers the cost of medically necessary insured doctor services but doesn’t apply to medication. PharmaCare is BC’s publicly funded program that supports BC residents by paying for many prescription drugs, medical supplies and pharmacy services.
PharmaCare covers many birth control options such as birth control pills and the implant in BC. Coverage is universal, which means any British Columbia resident enrolled in MSP who needs birth control gets a prescription and the contraceptive for free (even for non-contraceptive reasons like preventing osteoporosis).
How much is birth control in BC?
The cost of contraception varies significantly, depending on which method you choose. However, in British Columbia, you can expect to pay around $240 a year for oral contraceptives (the pill) —the most popular contraceptive in BC— and about $180 a year for hormone injections. Longer-lasting methods such as IUDs last about 5 years and can cost from $75 to $500, though the cheaper ones are made of copper which carries additional risks.
For BC residents, many birth control options are free. All you need is a birth control prescription and your BC Services Card, and any pharmacy can fulfill your needs.
Expert advice
You can even secure a prescription for birth control online in BC. Look for an online sexual health clinic or doctor’s office, and they should be able to help you.
How to get birth control pills in BC?
Getting birth control pills in BC is simple. If you want your birth control to be free, you must be a BC resident and have a BC Services Card, but regardless of your coverage, you’ll need a birth control prescription to get the pill in BC.
You can get a prescription for a contraceptive from any doctor, nurse practitioner or midwife, and soon pharmacists will also be able to prescribe contraceptives. Make sure to ask for a prescription that PharmaCare covers fully.
At the pharmacy, you can ask them to dispense as much as 3 months' worth of birth control pills.
Expert advice
If your prescription is for a contraceptive that is not covered by PharmaCare, ask the pharmacist if they can change it to an equivalent prescription that is free. This shouldn’t be an issue.
Is birth control free in Alberta?
Unfortunately for most people, birth control options in Alberta are not free. Birth control cost in Alberta is largely covered by private health insurance, and the provincial government offers limited coverage for young people unable to afford birth control. However, eligibility is restrictive and you might still have to pay a portion of the contraceptive, around 30%.
You may be able to secure free birth control in Alberta through some sexual health clinics that offer free condoms.
Is birth control covered by Alberta Health?
The Alberta Health Care Insurance Plan, or AHCIP, is the publicly administered and funded health care system run by Alberta Health Services (AHS), an integrated health system that is responsible for delivering health services to Alberta residents.
AHCIP provides a number of essential health services to Albertans, but many still choose to get private health coverage to supplement it. For example, birth control is not covered for the majority of Albertans.
How much does birth control cost in Alberta?
The cost of birth control in Alberta is largely the same as in other Canadian provinces. Oral contraceptives (the pill) cost about $240 a year and hormone injections are $180 a year. Some methods are cheaper in the long run. For example, the IUD cost in Alberta ranges from $75 to $500 but lasts for about 5 years. The birth control implant in Alberta costs $300 to 350.
The IUD and the pill are the most common forms of birth control in Alberta.
How to get birth control pills in Alberta?
The procedure for getting birth control pills in Alberta is similar to other provinces. You’ll need to get a prescription, either from your doctor, a walk-in clinic or a sexual health clinic. With your prescription, go to any pharmacy, and they will be able to fill your order. For most people, birth control pills will not be covered by a provincial health plan.
Good to know
You can get condoms, sponges, and spermicides in drugstores without a prescription. The emergency morning-after pill does not require a prescription either and is readily available in pharmacies or sexual health clinics.
What are the various birth control pills in Canada?
Here are a few popular birth control pill brands in Canada. Please note that this list is not exhaustive, and there may be other birth control pill brands available in Canada.
- Alesse
- Apri
- Aviane
- Diane-35
- Estrostep Fe
- Jolessa
- Loestrin Fe
- Lo Loestrin Fe
- Micronor
- Minastrin 24 Fe
- Ortho Tri-Cyclen
- Seasonale
- Seasonique
- Tri-Cyclen
- Yasmin
- Yaz
Cost of common birth control pills in 2024
When it comes to choosing a birth control pill in Canada, there are various options available, each with its unique hormone composition and side effect profile. Finding the right pill can depend on factors such as your health, lifestyle, and how your body reacts to specific hormones. In this table, we’ve summarized essential information on some of the most popular birth control pills in Canada.
| Brand | Hormone Composition | Usage | Price Range |
|---|---|---|---|
| Alesse Birth Control | Ethinyl estradiol + Levonorgestrel | Combination pill | $20-$30/month |
| Yaz Birth Control | Ethinyl estradiol + Drospirenone | Combination pill | $30-$40/month |
| LoLo Birth Control | Ethinyl estradiol + Norethindrone | Low-dose combination pill | $30-$40/month |
| Alysena Birth Control | Ethinyl estradiol + Levonorgestrel | Generic combination pill | $15-$25/month |
| Slynd Birth Control | Drospirenone (progestin-only) | Progestin-only pill | $50-$60/month |
| Yasmin Birth Control | Ethinyl estradiol + Drospirenone | Combination pill | $30-$40/month |
| Mya Birth Control | Ethinyl estradiol + Levonorgestrel | Generic combination pill | $15-$25/month |
| Movisse Birth Control | Ethinyl estradiol + Levonorgestrel | Generic combination pill | $15-$25/month |
| Marvelon Birth Control | Ethinyl estradiol + Desogestrel | Combination pill | $30-$40/month |
| Aviane Birth Control | Ethinyl estradiol + Levonorgestrel | Combination pill | $20-$30/month |
Good to know
Always consult a healthcare provider to determine which method is best for you.
While Canadian provincial insurances cover birth control partially or completely, having a private health insurance plan will give you significant coverage with added benefits for a host of other ailments and treatments.
While choosing the right health insurance plan may not be easy, you could use our tool to get quick quotes and info on prices, and coverage, from the best health insurance providers in Canada. You won't have to reveal sensitive personal details either. All you need to do is put in basic information on what you're looking for and you get quotes in no time.
Compare The Best Health Insurance Plans in Seconds
Can you get male birth control pills in Canada?
Currently, male birth control options in Canada are limited compared to those for women. The most common options include condoms and vasectomy.
- Condoms are widely available over the counter at pharmacies and are an affordable and effective temporary solution.
- Vasectomy is a permanent birth control method and is generally covered by provincial health insurance plans like OHIP, AHCIP, and MSP.
Unfortunately, hormonal birth control options, such as male birth control pills or injections, are still under research and not yet available in Canada. If you're looking for more birth control options or advice on male contraception, it’s always best to consult with a healthcare provider.
What are the options for non-hormonal birth control in Canada?
Non-hormonal birth control options in Canada include barrier methods like condoms, diaphragms, and cervical caps, along with the copper intrauterine device (IUD). Fertility awareness-based methods, withdrawal, tubal ligation, and vasectomy are other non-hormonal options.
These methods offer choices for individuals who prefer contraception without synthetic hormones, providing varying levels of effectiveness and considerations. OHIP, MSP, and AHCIP do not provide coverage for non-hormonal birth control methods like condoms, diaphragms, or copper IUDs for general contraceptive purposes.
Does birth control make you gain weight?
Birth control can cause weight changes in some individuals, but it varies from person to person. Most modern birth control methods, including pills, IUDs, and implants, do not have strong evidence directly linking them to significant weight gain. Some people may experience fluid retention, which can cause a temporary weight fluctuation, but this is usually minor.
If you're concerned about weight gain, discussing your options with a healthcare provider to find the method that best suits your body and lifestyle is important.
What are the FAQs on birth control in Canada?
The cost of birth control in Canada varies depending on the type. Birth control pills typically range from $10 to $30 per month without insurance. Other methods, like IUDs, can cost between $75 and $400. Some provincial health plans and private insurance may cover part or all of the cost.
You can obtain birth control pills by visiting a healthcare provider, family planning or sexual health clinics, or utilizing telemedicine services. Once prescribed, you can purchase the pills at pharmacies. Some public health clinics and university health services also offer birth control consultations and prescriptions.
In Canada, there is no specific legal age for accessing birth control. Availability varies by province and method. Most individuals can get birth control without parental consent, though minors may need a prescription for options like oral contraceptives. Over-the-counter options, like condoms, are available without age restrictions.
The male birth control Canada options include condoms and vasectomy. Vasectomy is generally covered by most provincial health insurance plans in Canada, including OHIP, MSP, and AHCIP. Male hormonal birth control options (such as male contraceptive pills or injections) are still undergoing research and development and are not yet widely available in Canada.
No, Plan B (emergency contraception) is not covered by OHIP in Ontario. However, it is available over the counter at most pharmacies without a prescription and costs around $35 to $50. Some private insurance plans may cover the cost.
Birth control in Ontario is not universally free, but OHIP+ covers prescription contraceptives for those under 25 without private insurance. Private insurance may also provide coverage. Some community health clinics offer low-cost or free birth control options.
Birth control was legalized in Canada in 1969. The government amended the Criminal Code on May 14, 1969, to permit the use of contraceptives. Before that, contraception was considered illegal, and the sale and distribution of contraceptives were restricted. The legalization of birth control marked a significant milestone in women's reproductive rights in Canada.
There is arm implant birth control available in Canada. The contraceptive implant, known as Nexplanon, is a long-acting reversible contraceptive (LARC) method that is inserted under the skin of the upper arm. It provides effective birth control for up to three years. Nexplanon is not covered by AHCIP, OHIP, and MSP although coverage might be available for specific conditions or circumstances. Without insurance, the cost of the contraceptive implant can range from approximately $300 to $500.
There are no over-the-counter birth control pills in Canada. In Canada, all oral contraceptive pills require a prescription from a healthcare provider, such as a doctor or nurse practitioner. To obtain birth control pills in Canada, you will need to schedule an appointment with a healthcare provider, who will assess your medical history and determine if oral contraceptives are a suitable option for you.
In Alberta, the cost of birth control pills typically ranges from $15 to $50 per month, depending on the brand and type. If you have private insurance or qualify for Alberta’s subsidized health programs, part or all of the cost may be covered.
